Agrolandscape features of primary tillage in the Omsk region

Long-term studies have established that the methods and systems of primary tillage are determined by the zonal soil and climatic features of the region. Under conditions of extensive agriculture, intensive tillage contributes to an increase in biogenicity and an improvement in the nitrogen regime of soil, water permeability, especially in case of increased autumnal moisture, as well as an improvement in the phytosanitary condition of the agrophytocenosis. In the steppe agrolandscapes with extensive practices for the cultivation of grain crops, no-tillage leads to a decrease in the yield of spring crops down to 0.32-0.50 t/ha (22.4-35.0%), in the southern forest-steppe - 0.27 t/ha (18%). In the northern solonetz forest-steppe, deep loosening prevents the rise of salts in the root layer of soil and increases the yield of agricultural crops by 15-19%. Leaving soils with a solonetz complex without autumn treatment leads to a decrease in yield down to 0.40-0.50 t/ha. In the sub-taiga zone, with a predominance of less fertile gray forest soils, early terms of tillage are more effective...