Agricultural techniques to increase Yenisei Siberia arable land productivity

The purpose of research is to find the best options for regulating the flow of biogenic elements by improving the technologies for growing crops in field crop rotations, rationalizing soil cultivation methods, fertilizer systems and plant protection. It has been experimentally established that under the conditions of a typical part of the Kansk forest-steppe, the optimization of the fertilizer system contributed to the preservation of soil fertility indicators of leached chernozem, and crop productivity increased. Long-term use of complete fertilizer (N40P20K20) against the background of using a pea-oat mixture as green manure contributed to the preservation of humus, improved the nitrification capacity of the soil (r = 0.76) and determined the increase in phosphorus pentoxide (r = 0.83). The Minin Station, a polygon for agrotechnological research in the zone of the open part of the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe, showed that soil and water protection technologies carried out on the basis of a differentiated soil preparation scheme on ordinary chernozem significantly reduce soil cover deflation and cause an increase in arable land productivity by 25 %. The yield of wheat is higher when the field is cultivated in autumn with a disker; for barley, direct sowing turned out to be preferable; for oats, autumn plowing. The cost of preparing the soil with a disker was 87.2 % of the cost of plowing, and fuel consumption was 56.7 % lower. With direct sowing (No-till) technology, costs were reduced by 41.4 %, and fuel consumption by 20 % of the cost level with traditional tillage. The Zarechensky station, located on acidic soils in the subtaiga zone, showed that due to fertilizers, the productivity of crop rotation on soddy-podzolic soils increases by 62-84 %, on gray forest soils - by 34-57 %.