The relevance of fundamentalization of biology in conditions of aggression of environmental

As a research task, the author defined an attempt to evaluate methodological approaches in modern biology, which is the theoretical basis of the science of ecology. The idea is substantiated that new forms of challenges caused by environmental problems require researchers to have a different style of thinking - rejection of positivism and reorientation to a dialectical way of cognition. The work is interdisciplinary in nature, written at the intersection of philosophy, biology, ecology.