Analysis of demographic indicators and state of health of the child population of the mining geochemical province of the Republic of Bashkortostan

The purpose of this study is a retrospective statistical analysis of demographic indicators and the health status of the child population of the mining and geochemical province of the Republic of Bashkortostan for the period from 2000 to 2021. For the administrative districts (Abzelilovsky, Baymaksky, Burzyansky, Zilairsky, Zianchurinsky, Uchalinsky, Khaibullinsky) and Sibay city we analyzed the birth and death rates of the population, infant mortality, the incidence of children in the 1st year of life, 0-14 and 15-17 years old according to statistical data to the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Bashkortostan. In all the studied areas, a trend towards a decrease in the birth rate and an increase in mortality was revealed. The highest average long-term birth rate was noted in Burzyansky (19.60), the lowest - in Zilairsky district (12.97), with an average for the Republic of Bashkortostan equal to 12.25. During the study period, there was a significant decrease in infant mortality, both in the republic and in the study areas. The highest mortality is typical for Zilairsky (14.96), the lowest - for Burzyansky district (10.60) with the republican level (13.55). The average indicators of long-term infant mortality in the Zianchurinsky district (10.85) and in the Sibay city (10.27) exceed the republican level (8.88). An analysis of the incidence rates of children under 14 years of age did not reveal their excess over the national average, while the incidence of adolescents in the Sibay city is significantly higher than the republican level; boys - 1.4 times, girls - 2.1 times. Also, the Sibay city is characterized by an increased incidence of children under the age of one year. Comparison of the frequency of blood diseases in children of the first year of life in the Trans-Urals with the average republican indicators revealed a statistically significant excess in the Burzyansky, Baimaksky, Khaibullinsky districts and in the Sibay city. Thus, the state of health of the children’s population of the mining region is lower than the republican level in a number of indicators, which requires the introduction of a system for monitoring morbidity, lifestyle, assessing the quality of the organization and providing medical and social assistance for the timely adoption of appropriate management decisions.