Competitiveness Analysis of Russian Enterprises Under Sanctions and Import Substitution

This study focuses on the analysis of the competitiveness of enterprises supplying laboratories with equipment and consumables under the conditions of sanctions and import substitution policies in Russia. The analysis is based on data from 15 Russian companies specializing in a similar range of products. Additionally, two enterprises that independently produce goods were included in the study. The aim of this work is to calculate and subsequently analyze the competitiveness of enterprises using a dynamic method, as well as to identify activities that contribute to enhancing competitiveness under the conditions of import substitution. The study identifies key factors that negatively affect competitiveness, such as the impact of sanctions, difficulties with the supply of imported equipment and spare parts, and the increased final cost of products for end users due to additional import-related expenses. A detailed analysis of changes in the competitiveness levels of Russian enterprises from 2018 to 2023 was conducted. The research revealed a significant decline in competitiveness for several enterprises, largely due to the aforementioned factors. However, despite unfavorable external conditions, some enterprises not only managed to maintain but also improve their competitiveness. This was made possible through a shift towards the production and supply of domestic goods, active development of trade relations with China, and the effective search for alternative import routes to secure necessary resources and components. Such a strategic approach allowed these enterprises to mitigate the negative effects of sanctions and strengthen their market positions.