The construction analysis of coulters of modern seeders for direct sowing of agricultural crops

In the article coulters of domestic and foreign production for direct sowing of agricultural crops are considered. The coulters are classified according to the furrow formation form: V-shaped, U-shaped and inverted T-shaped. The design of the double-disc coulter of the Salford 520 seeder, the Amazone Primera DMC seeder coupler, the SKP-2.1DA anchor and paw coulter is described. As a result of the analysis, the advantages and disadvantages of all types of coulters were revealed. So the V-shaped coulters minimally damage the integrity of the soil, copy it well, accurately withstand the depth of tillage at high speed, but at the same time tighten plant remains in the seedbed and require an increase in maintenance costs. The coulters forming a U-shaped groove create a groove with a dense seed bed, which facilitates the rapid germination of the seeds, but does not sufficiently control the depth of the sowing. Paw coulters provide for an even distribution of seeds over the area of feeding, which leads to an increase in yield, in turn such coulters severely damage the soil, carry blocks to the surface.