The construction analysis of the seeding units for sowing of grain crops

The article deals with mechanical and pneumomechanical sowing machines of seeders and sowing complexes of domestic and foreign production. Classification according to the principle of work is given, structural features of the seeding units are considered, their technological advantages and disadvantages are noted. The agrotechnical requirements for seeding units of sowing machines are presented. A very important distinguishing feature of seeding machines is the type of seeding units used in them. The analysis shows that the devices for sowing cereals are equipped with a variety of seeding units, differing in the design of each. This indicates that the universal design of the device for sowing various agricultural crops with different physical and mechanical properties has not been found. All devices are divided into three main types according to the principle of operation: mechanical, pneumatic and pneumomechanical. Along with the preservation of simple in the construction coil seeding units more complex and expensive ones are being intensively developed. The design solutions used in them are aimed at creating conditions for increasing the yield and productivity and reducing energy and labor costs, for maximum simplification and comfort of adjustment.