Analysis of the regional differentiation of demographic ageing

The proportion of elderly people in the population of developed and many developing countries is increasing rapidly, which raises important issues connected, in particular, with provision of financial viability of pension systems, coverage of the costs of the health system and comprehensive use of the potential of the elderly as active participants in the process of social development. The global scale of the problem necessitates the study of the process of population ageing at the regional level, due to the necessity to take into account regional specifics of this phenomenon and its impact on the socio-economic development of the region. The first part of the article considers the emergence of the phenomenon of demographic ageing, and also the specifics of territorial differentiation by level of population ageing in other countries and in the Russian Federation. The second part is devoted to the analysis of trends in demographic aging of the population in the Vologda Oblast. It contains the analysis of changes in the age structure of the region’s population and intraregional differentiation of the Oblast’s districts by level of demographic ageing. The study identified three main types of age structure in the districts of the Vologda Oblast that differ from each other by several parameters, which complicates the adoption of universal management decisions. To identify and prevent negative effects of demographic ageing it is necessary to carry out constant monitoring of a steadily growing number of elderly people when carrying out strategic planning.