Analysis of the impact of subgrade reinforcement technologies on the stability of structures designed on high-temperature permafrost soils

Introduction. Ensuring the stability of the subgrade in areas with permafrost soils is one of the most pressing challenges in modern design, construction, and operation of transportation infrastructure. In the context of global climate change and increasing anthropogenic loads on soil foundations, the search for effective ground reinforcement technologies has become a key area of research. This article presents an analysis of the impact of reinforcement technologies for high-temperature permafrost soils on the stability of structures. Methods and Materials. Two structural and technological solutions for reinforcing the foundation soils of the subgrade are considered: the use of jet grouting technology and the installation of vertical crushed stone columns. The study is based on numerical modeling of the stress-strain state of the subgrade on permafrost soils, both with and without the proposed structural and technological solutions. Results and Discussion. A comparative analysis of vertical displacements, shear deformations, and slope stability factors was performed for each technology. Overall, the proposed foundation soil reinforcement technologies improve the reliability of structures built on them, particularly the subgrade. The choice of foundation soil reinforcement technology should be based on an analysis of specific construction and operational conditions of the object – natural, technical, technological, and economic factors. Conclusion. It can be noted that in similar engineering-geological conditions, as described in this study, jet grouting is suitable for reinforcing foundation soils in areas with high stability and bearing capacity requirements, but with mandatory preliminary selection of the cement slurry and analysis of its exothermic behavior during strength gain. Vertical crushed stone columns, as a method of soil reinforcement, represent a promising structural and technological solution, especially for less heavily loaded sections.