Ancient Law as a Unique Set Religious and Ethical Institutions of Social Regulation and Interaction of the Greek Polis

The article examines the influence of the ancient period on the formation of the legal systems of modern states, paying special attention to the institution of the court as a key element of maintaining public order and protecting civil rights. The relevance of the research is due to the fact that many principles of modern legal systems originate in antiquity, which makes it possible to trace their evolution and identify the origins of modern legal practices. The author’s main thesis is that the ancient Greek concept of law is formed at the intersection of two spheres: generally accepted customs and normative institutions reflecting the principles of justice and truth. The position of law in the polis system presupposes a holistic perception of the world, where morality and law act as a single coordinate system that determines the behavior of citizens and the maintenance of social stability.