Anthropogenic development of landscapes of the Penzen region

The study of the dynamics of the natural environment in the Holocene acquires not only scientific, but also great practical significance, since it is precisely in it that modern climate conditions, soil and vegetation cover were formed, and zonal landscapes were formed that underwent anthropogenic change. Long-term economic development of the landscape of the forest-steppe of the Penza region led to a significant transformation of the entire landscape. The process of anthropogenic development of landscapes for many centuries is accompanied by an increase in the cultivated areas. Restoring the boundaries of natural geosystems for landscape planning is difficult. This is due to the repeated change of vegetation (forest, meadow, steppe, agricultural) of natural-anthropogenic geosystems.