Selected forms fruits Amelanchier alnifolia and A. spicata (Rosaceae) biochemical assessment

The purpose of research is to study the biochemical composition of the fruits of Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. and A. spicata (Lam.) K.Koch (Maloideae, Rosaceae), common in Russia. Objectives: to study the content of bioflavonoids, anthocyanins, vitamin C, sugars and the amount of organic acids in the fruits of selected forms grown from seeds of A. alnifolia plants of Canadian selection, as well as their comparison with the chemical composition of fruits in samples of A. spicata naturalized in the Ramensky district of Moscow areas. The biochemical study was carried out in 2020-2021 in the VILAR laboratory according to generally accepted methods of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation, XIV edition. Biochemical analysis used 40 samples obtained from 4 forms of A. alnifolia: Al1, Al2, Al 3, Al4 (selected seedlings from Canadian varieties grown from seeds sent from Saskatchewan) and 4 forms of A. spicata: Sp1, Sp2, Sp3, Sp4 (collected in a pine forest near the city of Ramenskoye, the Moscow Region). Information processed in Microsoft Excel. It has been established that the total content of bioflavonoids in the fruits of A. alnifolia is 163-280 mg%, in A. spicata it is 190-310 mg%. The amount of anthocyanins in the fruits of A. alnifolia is 525-930 mg%, in A. spicata it is 423-615 mg%. The share of ascorbic acid in selected forms of A. alnifolia is 15.4-29.2 mg%, in A. spicata 21.4-35.3 mg%. The content of organic acids in the fruits of two types of shadberry ranges from 0.19 to 0.83 %. The fruits of A. spicata contain 15 % more sugars than those of A. alnifolia (more than 6 %). Selected forms of A. alnifolia originating from Canada, under the conditions of central Russia, are not inferior in chemical composition to the fruits reported by foreign authors, and can be included in further study for breeding purposes.