Potato biological protection in the Republic of North Ossetia - Alania

The purpose of the study is to reveal the influence of the biological products Fitosporin-M and Albit on the biometric indicators of growth and development, as well as the susceptibility to major diseases of potato plants in the North Caucasus. The experience was laid on the experimental base of the North Caucasian Research Institute of Mining and Piedmont Agriculture (SKNIIGPSKh VRC RAS) of the Prigorodny District of the Republic of North Ossetia - Alania in the period 2019-2020 in triplicate. The objects of research were biological products obtained on the basis of bacteria: Fitosporin-M (Bacillus subtilis 26 D) and Albit (Bacillus megaterium). The experiment was carried out on the zoned variety Nevsky. The phenological and biometric indicators of plant growth and development, the prevalence and development of diseases on plants, the weight of the crop and its marketability, the prevalence of diseases on tubers in the crop, the yield of healthy potatoes of the marketable fraction were evaluated. The use of biological products before planting and during the budding period with Fitosporin (0.5 l/t) and Albit (0.5 kg/t), as well as with a complex of two preparations Fitosporin (0.5 l/t) + Albit (0.5 kg/r) on the variety Nevsky contributed to a decrease in the infestation of plants by late blight by several times compared with the control, the effect of restraining the prevalence of rhizoctanyosis on potato plants was also noted. The use of these biological products, both separately and in combination, has a positive effect on the yield indicators: when using Albit, the yield was 27.7 t/ha; Fitosporin-M - 28.2; in the complex - 30.1 t/ha, which is 3.4; 3.9 and 5.8 t/ha are higher than in the control. Biometric measurements in the flowering phase showed that the use of biological products Albit and Fitosporin-M, as well as their combination, increased the average mass of tops and tubers of one plant. The combined use of biological products Albit and Fitosporin-M enhances the action of each other, contributes to a more complete realization of the genetic potential of the potato variety Nevsky.