Biological monitoring of the soil and water environment pollution in the conditions of urbanization

Evaluation of qualitative composition of the ur-banized territories, rich in different sources of pollu-tion of the atmospheric environment along with the theoretical has important practical significance. The objective of the study was an integrated biological assessment of contamination of different areas of Vologda. For the ecological status assessment a complex methodological approach involving the bi-ological testing of the territories of Vologda, the de-termination of enzyme activity in the soil and de-termination of the chemical composition of the bio-assay was used. A comprehensive biological eval-uation of the pollution of urban environment indi-cated allowable toxicity of the territories of Vologda with varying degrees of severity. The city soils high-ly were enriched with urease, an enzyme gidrolized urea. High urease activity was combined with high survival of ciliate at the pedestrian bridge. The greatest content in the air of nitrogen dioxide was installed at the place, where there was a high flow of vehicles. The analysis of activity of enzymes in soils the highest activity of urease was detected in the pedestrian bridge and the lowest was near the railway station. The degree of enrichment by cata-lase and invertase in the soils at all the study areas were poor and the degree of enrichment of urease was rich. The level of urease activity of the soil de-termined the intensity and direction of biochemical processes that affected the fertility of the soil.