Сyanobacteria in reservoirs of the impact zone of Karabash geotechnical system (South Ural)

The article considers changes in species diversity of Cyanobacteria along a gradient of complex technogenic load in small mesotrophic freshwater reservoirs of the forest zone of the South Urals, which for over a hundred years in the area of impact of the impact of mining technogenesis Karabash geotechnical system. It is shown that with increasing degree of acidity, concentration of sulfate ions and heavy metal ions Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd in planktonic cenoses there is a significant decrease in species diversity of Cyanobacteria. When the level of the complex anthropogenic impact on the reservoir there is a sharp decrease in the number of species of all taxonomic orders Chroococcales, Oscillatoriales, Nostocales, the leading genus of cyanobacteria change the structure of representation in the phytoplankton. The most resistant to the toxic effect of copper smelting industry were two planktonic species of cyanobacteria: Planktolyngbya limnetica, Limnothrix planctonica, vegetating in large numbers in the most contaminated water bodies the impact zone of the geotechnical system.