Defects of restriction of electoral competition between political parties in Russia and in foreign countries: comparative analysis

Under the conditions prevailing in the Russian party system, similar tendencies in working with voters are observed in various electoral processes. Among them, political technologies used by parties to gain the attention of the electorate and overcome bureaucratic barriers to elections are of particular importance. The indicated problems and contradictions in the institutionalization of Russian political parties are projected onto electoral competition. As a result, the author substantiates the conclusion that it is difficult for Russian political parties to borrow the experience of foreign party systems against the background of significant state interference in both internal party affairs and electoral processes, complicated by the dominance of the party in power. As a result, people who do not have party membership are allowed to participate in elections from a number of political parties.