Maianthemum japonicum (A. Gray) Lafrankie and Maianthemum racemosum (L.) Link ornamental shade plants in the culture

The paper reflects the results of studying two species of ornamental shade-tolerant plants under culture conditions - Maianthemum japonicum (A. Gray) LaFrankie (Japanese, or hairy) and Maianthemum racemosum (L.) Link (brushed). Studies on the introduction of these plant species have been carried out on the basis of the collection fund of shade-tolerant plants, referred to as the "Shadow Garden", in the South Ural Botanical Garden-Institute of the Ural Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences over the past ten years. This research work of the introduction direction of two types of miner (the study of phenology, morphometry, the success of the introduction) was carried out according to standard methods. M. japonicum and M. racemosum are perennial spring-summer-green herbaceous, thick-long-rhizome, sympodially growing polycarpics. M. japonicum is listed in the Red Book of the Amur Region (2020) with a rarity status category of 3 - a rare species on the northwestern border of its range. Vegetation starts in the third decade of April. According to the rhythmological groups, the studied species are long-term vegetative spring-summer-autumn-green plants, according to the timing of flowering - late spring, according to the duration of flowering - medium long-flowering (11-14 days). Seed propagation is difficult, since a small number of completed seeds were noted in the fruits of the mayniks, so it is recommended to propagate them vegetatively by fragmenting the rhizomes. According to all morphometric parameters of the vegetative and generative spheres, M. japonicum is distinguished by a more powerful habit, but it is characterized by less leafy shoots. Miniki are not yet widely used in landscaping settlements in the Republic of Bashkortostan and in the South Ural Region. The results of introduction studies have shown that both species are highly resistant to the climate of Ufa, bloom regularly and massively, form large clumps, and therefore are promising for growing shaded flower beds and introducing landscaping into practice.