Demographic aging of the population: causes and consequences

Demographic aging of the population is currently developing at an accelerated pace, affecting an increasing number of countries. The diverse consequences of this process will largely determine the development of the world economy throughout the 21st century. Analyzing data on population aging processes worldwide, the authors examine demographic processes occurring in Russia based on A.G. Vishnevsky's four-phase model of demographic transition. Studying data on the affiliation of Russian Federation subjects to certain clusters of population aging and on the parameters of population aging on average per cluster, the authors agree with the conclusion that the trend of population aging is observed throughout Russia, but differences between clusters are quite significant, and geographical proximity does not always indicate similarity between regions. The article also discusses various aspects of the consequences of population aging.