Dendroflora of the natural park complex Olenya balka (Voronezh region) as a consequence of the interaction of natural and anthropogenic factors

The study of ravine forest communities is related to their preservation and sustainable use. The territory of the Olenya Balka (the Deer Gully) has been under strong anthropogenic pressure for a long time. In this regard, it is necessary to obtain baseline data for monitoring successional changes in forest communities. The aim of the study is to reveal dendroflora features of the natural park complex The Olenya Balka as a consequence of interaction between natural and anthropogenic factors. The field-based collection, which was carried out during the growing season in 2022, was used as materials for the study. On the territory of the Olenya Balka 35 species found in 13 families, 29 genera have been recorded. The natural park complex is moderately rich in dendroflora. The most numerous families are Rosaceae, Salicaceae, Fabaceae, Aceracea. The family Rosaceae represents 28.57 % of the dendroflora composition, which is typical for the introduced dendroflora of the temperate belt. The basis of the ecological and phytocenotic structure is formed by a group of woodland plants. Forest phytocenoses are characterized by low species diversity. It increases sharply in border zones where the ecotone effect is manifested. The European Western-Asian component is totally dominated in the range of geocomponents. It is typical for natural floras of the region. It is remarkable that a range of typical nemoral-quercital ravine forests are totally absent in the composition of trees and shrubs of the Olenya Balka. The dendroflora of the Olenya Balka is atypical for ravine forests of the region. Originally, it is of artificial origin.The existence of passageways providing extensive contacts of the Olenya Balka with nearby ravine forests of natural origin specifies the sources of species penetration into the territory of the natural park complex. The dendroflora of the Olenya Balka is as a consequence of the interaction of natural and anthropogenic factors.