Deontological concept of justice by John Rawls

The article discusses the interpretation of the phenomenon of justice by the American philosopher John Rawls in his fundamental work "A Theory of Justice". In this work, the philosopher develops the socio-political and ethical aspects of the problem of justice. Revising the classical utilitarianism, he makes some changes to this theory, introducing his own idea of justice as fairness. The theory is based on the concept of "original position", as well as on a number of principles put forward by Rawls himself. We rely on I. Kant's concept considered as a theoretical basis for Rawls's concept. The philosopher also updates the interpretation of liberal ideas, based on the moral principles of people, as well as on the principles of justice. Its interpretation also influences the development of sociopolitical institutions, and offer the possibility of rational, free choice for people.