Deputies with the repeated parliamentary status in late imperial Russia: a case study of the State Duma of the 4th convocation, 1912-1917

In late imperial Russia, the political elite became more complicated due to the inclusion of the State Duma deputies and the elected members of the State Council in its membership. The paper is focused on studying the deputies of the Fourth Duma with the repeated parliamentary status, who constituted a distinct sub-elite group. The general description of the group is given, including the number of deputies, and the deputies' motives for participation in elections to the Duma. The authors evaluated the influence of the group on parliamentary activity on the base of positional analysis. Due to correlation analysis and faceted classification, socio-cultural types within the parliamentary sub-elite were identified. The study showed that the cohort of deputies with a repetitive parliamentary status was more homogeneous in terms of socio-cultural characteristics than the cohort of newly elected deputies. Significant differences in the socio-cultural appearance of those groups were determined by class, level of education and pre-parliamentary professions related to intellectual work.