Diagnostics and analysis of the factors reflecting the condition of psychological readiness of pregnant women to motherhood

Problem and purpose. Within the framework of theoretical concepts and research works devoted to motherhood great attention is paid to psychological readiness of women to motherhood. Psychological readiness and motherhood are considered not only from the social viewpoint, but also as a part of the personal sphere of a woman. The prognosis of an individual situation of motherhood and the development of psychological readiness to motherhood are very important factors for preventing a possible deviant motherhood and for providing a favourable development of a woman as a future mother. The purpose of the article is to discover and characterize the indicators of psychological readiness of pregnant women to motherhood. The methodology of the research is based on the subject-activity approach worked out by K.A. Abulkhanova- Slavinskaya, the concept of motherhood by G.G. Filippova, the analysis and generalization of research works on the problem of maternity by S.Yu. Meshcheryakova, E.V. Matveyeva, and other Russian and foreign researchers. Diagnostics includes 4 methods: the projective pictorial test “ My baby and I “ and the modified Dembo-Rubenstein's scale by G.G. Filippova, the test of a pregnant woman attitudes by I.V. Dobryakov and the questionnaire developed by the authors of the article for pregnant women. The research was held in the women's consultation clinic of the Krasnoyarsk inter-district maternity home № 5, and the Kuragino district hospital. 78 women participated in the research. Results. Despite the desirability of pregnancy for 100 % of respondents, only 23 % of women had the optimum type of the gestational dominant psychological component. 69.4 % of women had medium and low levels of psychological readiness for motherhood. Among the factors requiring correction there are: a cognitive component, social-personal characteristics, state of need motivation aspects, relations with close relatives and the future baby. This range of factors was confirmed by the data received. Conclusion. The results that the authors obtained and their analysis specify the main directions in psychological training of pregnant women for motherhood. The system of measures aimed at the development of psychological readiness to motherhood should include not only rendering psychological assistance but also educational and developing assignments.