Dynamic implementation of mesenchymal stem cells into the biodegradable matrix

Injuries and diseases causing musculoskeletal disorders affect millions of patients worldwide. Body's own regenerative capabilities are often insufficient to repair injured areas of cartilage and bone tissue. Such patients require expensive surgical treatment. The use of cell engineering structures (CEC) is one of possible ways to repair bone and cartilage defects, as well as to effectively restore the damaged ligaments. A cell-engineering construction composed of a biodegradable polymer (matrix, scaffold) and a culture of autologous (or allogeneic) cells can be safely transplanted into the area of injury. Then the scaffold degrades, while the cell culture produces necessary amount of extracellular matrix, which repairs the site of a bone or cartilage defect. This paper describes an effective device of dynamic implementation of mesenchymal stem cells from the bone marrow to the full depth of the biodegradable polymer matrix.