Dynamics of atrophy of the alveolar part of the mandible when using a full removable plate prosthesis

Objective: improving the effectiveness of the diagnosis of loss of bone tissue of the mandible in patients with complete absence of teeth, by applying a method for calculating the level of atrophy of the alveolar part according to diagnostic plaster models of the jaws. Material and methods. The examination of patients was carried out according to the generally accepted scheme: anamnesis collection, examination, examination of the oral cavity, analysis of diagnostic plaster models of the mandible according to our proposed methodology for assessing the level of bone atrophy. In accordance with Keller's classification, groups were formed: group 1 - type 1 according to Keller (n=27); group 2 - Keller type 2 (n=21); group 3 - Keller type 3 (n=21); group 4 - Keller type 4 (n=18). Results. Atrophy of various sections of the alveolar part of the toothless mandible reaches values in the sagittal plane B1 - B2: 4.62±0.32 mm (group 1), 5.31±0.26 mm (group 2), 4.63±0.29 mm (group 3), 4.09±0.41 mm (group 4); in the transversal - G1 - G2: 4.15 ±0.37 mm (group 1), 5.48±0.39 mm (group 2), 4.40±0.72 mm (group 3), 4.50±0.42 mm (group 4); in vertical - B1 - E: 0.74±0.31 mm (group 1), 0.29± 0.19 mm (group 2), 0.67±0.22 mm (group 3), 0.14± 0.07 mm (group 4) and proceeds more intensively in the first year of using the prosthesis. Conclusion. An uneven level of alveolar part atrophy has been established in various departments of mandible, which must be taken into account when planning the stages of orthopedic dental treatment.