Dynamics of changes in the size of the mandibular branch during the period of re-movable occlusion

The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that there is still not enough information about age-related changes in the mandibular branch associated with teething and growth of the alveolar part of the mandible. Purpose. To determine the dynamics of changes in the size of the mandibular branch and its parts during the period of removable occlusion. Material and methods. The gnathic part of the facial part of the head was measured on 53 sets of teleradiographs and orthopantomograms. The study was retrospective and randomized. Groups of children were formed taking into account the change of teeth. The continuation of the occlusal line served as the border between the upper and lower part of the jaw branch. Results and discussion. During the analysis, it was found that during the period of occlusion of milk teeth, the height of the branch was (42.21 ± 2.48) mm. At the same time, the ratio of the height of the upper occlusive-articular part of the branch to the lower occlusive-alveolar part averaged 1.15 ± 0.13 and visually they looked of equal size. With the eruption of permanent teeth and the change of milk teeth, the vertical size of the branch increased, and the ratio of their parts changed. After the eruption of the second permanent molars, the height of the branch was (62.87 ± 3.62) mm, which was significantly higher than in children of other groups (p ˂ 0.05). At the same time, the height of the upper occlusal articular part was (40.23 ± 2.01) mm, and the lower part was (22.64 ± 1.78) mm. The ratio of the height of the upper part of the branch to the lower part was on average 1.78 ± 0.18. Conclusion. The results of the study can be used in clinical practice for the differential diagnosis of anomalies and variations of the mandibular branch, affecting the typological features of the growth of the gnathic part of the face.