Dynamics of sensitivity parameters of the central retinal zone after vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment using silicone oil tamponade

Purpose: to assess the dynamics of changes in visual functions by Fundus microperimetry (FMP) at various times of observation after vitrectomy using silicone oil tamponade (SOT) for macula-off reghmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). Material and Methods. The duration of primary macula-off RRD in the group I was up to 13 days (10 eyes); in the group II — from 14 to 30 days (10 eyes). Contralateral eyes without ophthalmological pathology represented the control group. All patients underwent FMP on the 3rd, 30th, and 90th days after SOT and on the 30th day after removal of the silicone oil (SO). Results. There was a tendency to an increase in the maximum corrected visual acuity (MCVA) for periods up to 90 days in the group I and up to the 30th day in the group II. After a SO removal the MCVA index was 0.48±0.11, which exceeded the data on the 90th day by 1.92 times (p=0.002), and the data on the 3rd day by 2.8 times (р<0,001). In the group II the MCVA value was 0.28±0.16, which exceeded the data on the 90th day by 1.47 times (p=0.12) and the data on the 3rd day by 2 times (p=0.05). After the SOT removal in the group II in the 1st zone was detected a decrease in the light sensitivity (LS) parameter by 1.33 times (p=0.05), in comparison with the data on the 90th day, associated with a shift in the fixation point. In the group I the MCVA index had a strong positive correlation with the LS in the 1st zone (r=0.73) and the average value of the LS (r=0.66). In the group II, the moderate positive correlation was demonstrated, both between the MCVA and the SP in the 1st zone (r=0.55), and the average value of the LS (r=0.51). Conclusion. In cases with RRD using SOT revealed different dynamics in the MCVA, LS and fixation parameters, depending on the duration of RRD.