Achievements and Obstacles in Pursuing a Long and Active Life for the Older Generation in Russia

This article presents a comprehensive analysis of achievements and barriers to achieving a long and active life for the older generation in Russia. The study aims to identify achievements and obstacles to an active life for the older generation (individuals aged 60 and above) through the lens of physical activity, health preservation practices, and psychological well-being. The primary objectives include: analyzing the older generation's attitudes towards physical (motor) activity; identifying health preservation practices; and investigating psychological well-being in the context of violence. The methodology is based on a comprehensive approach combining three sociological methods: focus group interviews, telephone surveys, and online surveys. The authors identify three interconnected components: physical activity, health preservation practices, and psychological well-being. Key contradictions between declared attitudes towards healthy aging and everyday practices are revealed. The article examines results from a series of focus groups, detailing respondents' attitudes towards physical and sports activities, motivational factors, and barriers. It highlights data from a survey of older men focused on their health preservation practices. Findings from a study on violence against older adults are presented, indicating the pervasive prevalence of psychological violence as a factor undermining emotional stability and motivation for an active lifestyle. The authors note a societal perception paradox: despite a declaratively positive attitude towards the older generation and recognition of its value as bearers of experience and traditions, a predominant expectation persists that older family members bear exclusive responsibility for caring for younger generations. A reactive approach to health management among the older generation is identified, where actions are primarily taken in response to emerging health issues rather than preventively. The influence of behavioral inertia, cultural stereotypes, and systemic constraints on realizing the potential for active longevity is emphasized.