Eurasian concept of the Russian superethous: the significance for comprehension of the ethno-cultural uniqueness of Russia

A significant contribution to the study of the ethnic history of Russia was the Eurasian concept of the Russian superethnos. The leaders of Eurasianism - a socio- philosophical doctrine, ideological and political movement of the Russian emigration of the 1920-1930s and L. N. Gumilev were the first to substantiate the uniqueness of the Russian superethnos and the importance of understanding the universal human value of the historical ethnocultural diversity of Russia. We have singled out the main provisions of the concept: Russia is a unique cultural and historical type and a geopolitical continent - Eurasia; Russia was initially a Eurasianpolyethnic superethnos; the Russian nation is not exhausted by its Slavic substratum; a special role in the formation of the “Eurasian nation” was played by the “Turanian element” and the relationship of geographical and historical factors; complementarity is the main feature of the Russian superethnos. We focus on the importance of the concept of superethnos in understanding Russia as a Eurasian power, on the fact that the concept of "Russian superethnos" can become a symbol of the national idea of Russia.