Physical modeling in the analysis of structural steels weldability

The possibility to study weldability of steels by physical modeling is considered. Weldability is an important technological characteristics of the material, which determines its suitability for the production of various types of structures. Most often this option is evaluated by the analytical method that gives only approximate data. To date, the most progressive and promising method for studying the weldability is the method of physical modeling, which is the complete and partial reproduction of the test process. Important factors in evaluating weldability are the original chemical composition of steel, the structure and thermal deformation of welding cycles. Weldability assessment is based on studies of metal sites HAZ of welded joints. Specimens are made from the investigated metal for testing in the installation of physical modeling Gleeble 3500. This installation allows to simulate the thermal deformation cycles of different parts of the heat affected zone. After testing, the samples are subjected to such tests as tensile strength, impact strength, metallographic examination, measurement of hardness, microhardness and others. Qualitative and quantitative composition of the metal structure HAZ actually determines the reliability and efficiency of the welded joint. The data obtained are compared with the requirements of regulatory documents, based on which the conclusion is made about metal suitability for the production of metal structures, efficient technology of its welding is developed to produce an efficient structure of the weld joint metal. Method of physical modeling is a powerful tool in the development of new steels with good physical and technological properties, as well as the development of optimum technology of welding.