The physical and mechanical model of electrochemical processes of forming copper and electroсorundum micro- and nanocomposite coatings

The article describes a mathematical model and the results of a numerical study of electrochemical, diffuse and kinetic processes of co-deposition of metallic copper and micro- and nanoparticles of electrocorundum on the surface of a metal electrode. A mathematical apparatus for complex physical and chemical mathematical modeling of the processes accompanying the formation of nanocomposite coatings from copper sulphate electrolytes is presented, i.e. the electrochemical deposition of metallic copper on the cathode surface, physical adsorption of micro- and nanoparticles on the cathode surface and growth of the coating layer. To describe the movement of the electrolyte, the k-ε model based on the averaged Reynolds equations with damping functions according to the Abe - Kondoh - Nagano model (k-ε AKN) was used. The modelling results are compared with the experimental data. The mathematical modeling results of the electrochemical deposition of metallic copper Cu on a rotating cylindrical electrode are presented. The mass transfer of the electroactive electrolyte ions occurs due to three main mechanisms: diffusion, migration and convection. Ion and particle mass transfer is described by the equations of convective diffusion and studied in the entire volume of the electrolytic bath. The cathodic and anodic processes are described on the basis of the tertiary current distribution. The mathematical modeling results of the joint electrochemical deposition of Cu-Al2O3 composite coatings on a rotating cylindrical electrode are presented taking into account the hydrodynamics of the electrolyte flow. The simulation is carried out in the entire volume of the electrochemical cell, and not only within the diffusion layer, which allows taking into account the transfer of electrolyte particles and ions by convection and migration. The current numerical study made it possible to investigate in detail the kinetics of these processes and showed good agreement with the experimental results.