Physiological risk factors caused by low physical activity

The biological need for movement is inherent in all living organisms, including a human being. It determines functionality and performance of the organism. However, a change in the lifestyle of modern people has led to a limitation of their physical activity. In this regard, the younger generation is of particular concern. The May 2017 WHO report, Global Accelerated Action for the Health of Adolescent ((AA-HA!): Guidance to Support Country Implementation, noted that "more than 3000 adolescents die every day from largely preventable causes and that many key risk factors for future adult disease start or are consolidated in adolescence.” The low level of physical activity, observed throughout the world, is a risk factor for the development of many functional disorders and diseases. The physiological mechanisms of physical activity are being thoroughly studied. There are many publications devoted to the impact of physical activity on physiological processes. However, these studies are fragmented due to the constantly changing factors of human life (quarantine measures, distance learning, remote work). The paper presents a systematic review of publications devoted to the influence of physical activity on the physiological processes of the body. The authors used articles from databases Medline, Scopus, Pubmed, Cochrane, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar, eLIBRARY, and Cyberleninka for the review. Such terms as physical activity, low level of physical activity, sedentary lifestyle, hypokinesia, hypodynamia were used for the keyword search.