Flora of the Tyumen city

The article contains a synopsis of the flora of Tyumen, which included 1029 species and subspecies of vascular plants. The city is located in the south of Western Siberia, in the subtaiga (57°10ʹ N and 65°32ʹ E). The flora of the city includes 892 species and subspecies of vascular plants, of which 639 are historical flora (until 1965), 771 are modern. The synopsis includes 137 species of cultivated plants (landscaping, fruit and berry, vegetable, spicy, etc.) - marked (*). 121 species and subspecies have probably disappeared from the territory of the modern city (without numbers). The modern flora includes 385 genera and 101 families. Leading by the number of species of the family Asteraceae (96 species), Poaceae (66) and Rosaceae (49), the genera Carex (23 species), Artemisia (12), Rumex (12), Potentilla (10). The native fraction of the flora consists of 528 species and subspecies. Most of the species belong to groups with boreal (42.6%) and polyzonal (26.1%) distribution. The native flora is dominated by species with a wide range within the northern hemisphere: eurasian (48.3%), holarctic (26.1%), european-siberian (20.1%). The alien fraction includes 243 species and subspecies, 167 genera and 50 families. The most widely represented families are Asteraceae (42 species), Brassicaceae (28), and Chenopodiacae (26). By origin, the majority of alien species are european (27.2%), mediterranean (20.2%), iranian-turanian (14.4%) and american (14.0%). According to the time of introduction, 66 species are archaeophytes, 177 are kenophytes. The dominant species of ruderal habitats are epecophytes (59.3%). Invasive species ( Acer negundo, Elodea canadensis, Heracleum sosnowskii, Malus baccata ) are actively spreading. There are 20 protected species in the modern flora of the city: Adenophora liliifolia , Carex obtusata , Cerasus fruticosa , Coleanthus subtilis , Corallorhiza trifida , Cypripedium guttatum , Dianthus acicularis , Digitalis grandiflora , Epipactis atrorubens, E. palustris, Neottia nidus-avis, Neottianthe cucullata, Rubus caesius, Stipa pennata, Tilia cordata, Verbascum phoeniceum .