Fluorescent probing of biological particles suspensions

The article considered fluorescence as a method of research of biological particles suspensions (bacterial cells, mitochondrions, chloroplasts, liposomes and others). The expressions for calculation of membrane potential, a transmembrane gradient of pH and density of a surface-bound charge of particles are given. The new directions of fluorescent researches, including the technologies based on processes of excitation energy migration in biological material are considered. There have been discussed the numerous FRET- sensors intended for such technologies, and feature of their use.