The formation of the complex of churches of Yeniseysk

The study examined the process of forming a complex of churches in the city of Yeniseysk, historical and cultural context of the life of temples, their symbolic significance for Yenisey Siberia. With the help of the methods of historical reconstruction, the author attempted to recreate the role of the Orthodox parish and community in the construction and repair of the church. The documents from the central and regional archives, periodicals were used in the study. The documents and materials testified that social practice of supporting the churches by the community made it possible to consider them as a collective heritage, the part of spiritual culture of the Russian Yeniseysk. The construction of the Yenisey churches was funded by urban community, emphasizing the idea of collegiality, collective heredity. The main contributors - merchants and gold miners - stood out. Due to high level of “samples” of temple buildings, parishioners developed a desire for the excellence of buildings. Local version of traditional cult architecture “Siberian Baroque”, the spread of this style in the Yenisei Siberia are studied in the article. It was concluded that the development of religious construction in the Yenisey Region led to the formation of the Yenisey school of Siberian architecture, which reflected the aesthetics of the "lower" baroque. The complex of Yenisey churches suggested that the traditions of the Russian North were creatively reworked under the influence of Ukrainian and local art styles. Traditional Naryshkinsky volumetricompositional style of the octagon on the quad near the coastal churches was supplemented by the enlargement of the scale of external forms. The decor was especially rich in the churches - the dominant background. Temples were distinguished by thoughtful proportions, elegant decor and a picturesque silhouette. Temples were built in the center of settlements - a common space for all, and remained symbolic dominants, centers of compositional planning, peculiar standards for assessing the entire area.