Development of cognitive abilities of younger schoolchildren in the educational activity process by the example of Republic of Kalmykia

In this article we identify the main indicators showing formation of cognitive abilities in elementary school pupils. Then we examine some ways of developing such cognitive abilities in children attending lessons. Finally we analyze the blocks of cognitive activity in the cognitive learning process. We believe this topic is relevant and important. Since the main purpose of education is to prepare the younger generation for the future, to the emergence of new opportunities offered by life. This may be the case that knowledge and skills generated in the process high interest students. In this regard, teachers are searching for effective forms and methods that would enhance training activities, the formation of cognitive abilities. Primary school is the most important and significant step in the school system, as for the first time the leading activity of the child becomes educational activity. And how this activity will be formed, how much interest will be instilled in the child to the process of cognition, created comfortable conditions for teaching, necessary for the development of independence, ability to selforganization and self-realization, depends not only on the success of learning in primary and high school, but also the desire and ability to improve their education Therefore, it is necessary to care not only about how to ensure the assimilation of knowledge and skills in accordance with the requirements of the GEF, but also to expand the educational base, introducing elements that develop the child in the intellectual, emotional and social terms.