Formation of the modern legal regulation of the system of agencies in the Russian Federation

This paper is devoted to the period of the formation of the legal basis of the modern system of agencies in Russia since the 1990's to the present. The situation in this period of time was far from the ideal: there was no integrated approach to the legal regulation of this system. Only several laws contained aspects of some kinds of governmental agencies. The first classification of agencies was presented in the Civil Code of the Russian Federation: agencies were divided into two main kinds: governmental and private. This classification existed for a long period of time – for about 10 years. Only in 2006, after the adoption of the Law about autonomous agencies, governmental agencies divided into two types: budgetary and autonomous. But the provisions of adopted law identified several shortcomings, not all its provisions are consistent with the general features of the agency as the legal form of non-profit legal entity. Criticism from the scientific community subjected to exclusion of secondary liability for the debts of the owner of an autonomous agency, the introduction into circulation of such categories as “very valuable movable property”. Then, in 2010 the Federal Law №83-FZ was passed. It contains a lot of novels relating to the legal status of governmental agencies. Since 2011 Russian legislation provides three types of governmental (municipal) agencies: state-owned, agency and autonomous. Besides the general criticism of the adopted law (especially thanks to the commercialization of the agencies), the scientific community debates about the necessity of classification of agencies into kinds and types, which was the approval of the so-called "tripartite" division of these legal entities. The author proposes, firstly, to exclude the three-term division of institutions because agency without a clear indication of its kind and type does not appear in public circulation. Secondly, to introduce a two-tier system of legal regulation by taking in the improvement of the civil law, in addition to the Civil Code provisions adopt uniform law which will include the legal regulation of all kinds and types of agencies as non-profit unitary organizations.