Formation of precancerous changes in the gastric mucosa in patients with gastritis associated with biliary reflux: are there additional risks?

This publication systematizes the already available literature data on gastritis associated with biliary reflux in order to increase the awareness of specialists about the pathogenesis and diagnostic methods, as well as the impact on precancerous changes in the gastric mucosa. Gastritis associated with biliary reflux occurs as a result of pathological duodenogastric reflux. Progressive biliary reflux gastritis due to the influence of bile acids on the gastric mucosa can lead to atrophy of the gastric mucosa, intestinal metaplasia, epithelial dysplasia and, ultimately, gastric cancer. Methods for diagnosing gastritis associated with biliary reflux are carried out to identify risk factors, exclude anxiety symptoms and identify persistent motor disorders and pathological reflux, as well as to diagnose gastritis itself (esophagogastroduodenoscopy, morphological changes using gastrobiopsy). Diagnosis of biliary reflux gastritis should be based on a multidisciplinary approach that combines a thorough analysis of the patient's complaints, the history of the disease, the results of endoscopic and histological research methods.