Soybean Kitrossa yield formation depending on seeding density

The aim of research is to study the influence of the seeding density on the yield and sowing qualities of the seeds of the mid-season soybean variety Kitross. The paper presents the results of three-year studies (2018–2020) on the effect of the seeding rate and the sowing method on the yield and sowing qualities of soybean seeds of the Kitrossa variety. The field experiment was carried out on meadow chernozem-like soil in the southern soil-climatic zone of the Amur Region, the experiments were carried out in the laboratory of primary seed production and seed science of the FSBSI FRC ARSRI of Soybean. The objects of the study were the methods of sowing and the seeding rate of seeds of the mid-season soybean variety Kitross of the ARSRI of Soybean selection. The design of the 2-factor field experiment consisted of the following options: sowing method (factor A); seeding rate (factor B). Various seeding rates were compared – 200, 400 and 600 thousand units viable seeds per 1 hectare and sowing methods – ordinary with a row spacing of 15 cm, wide row with a row spacing of 30 and 45 cm. During the study, it was noted that the yield of a mid-season soybean variety Kitross depended on the sowing density. On average, over three years, the maximum yield (2.33 t / ha) was achieved with an ordinary sowing method (15 cm) with a seeding rate of 600 thousand seeds / ha. At the same time, it was noted that regardless of the sowing method, the largest mass of 1000 seeds was obtained with a seeding rate of 200 thousand viable seeds per hectare. The laboratory germination of seeds formed by the wide-row method by 45 cm was stable and did not fall below 91 %. The maximum (94 %) and minimum (88 %) laboratory germination of seeds obtained with the method of sowing at 30 cm was observed at a seeding rate of 200 and 400 thousand pcs / ha, respectively.