Bone tissue genesis on the surface of the implants for osteosynthesis

There are two approaches to enhance osteointegration of the implants for osteosynthesis. First, gradual approximation of their surface layer’s composition and structure to the properties of native bone with the outlook to design a universal implant. However, in this case both mechanical characteristic and adhesion of coatings to titanium base are getting worse, and production cost increases. Second approach is connected with technological modifying surface of calcium phosphate (CP) coatings which have high adhesion to titanium but insufficient osteointegration. In particular, macro- and micro structuring of the coatings promotes osteogenic cell adherence and their differentiation into bone tissue, that was marked in subcutaneous osteogenesis test on BALB/c mice and depended on physical-and-chemical properties of implant surface. According to vector of bone marrow metaplasia into bone tissue under ectopic osteogesis test, bioactive coatings were placed as follows: CP friable (anode-spark) > CP glass ceramic > CP dense (anode-spark). This may be useful to optimize biomedical and economic parameters of osteointegration, to design implant panels for specific clinical situations.