Genesis of the development of political rights and freedoms of human and citizens

This article examines the genesis of the origin of political rights of man and citizen in the context of an individual’s claims to freedom at various stages of the existence of human society; reflects the conditions for the exercise of political rights and freedoms of the individual until the end of the Soviet period; the issues of the transition of individual freedom into political freedom as an element of subjective rights are considered, the dependence of the level of individual freedom on the type and political regime of states is noted. When studying the problem, general and specific scientific methods of scientific knowledge were used: comparative legal, formal logical, method of dialectical knowledge of social and legal phenomena. The author came to the conclusion that the socio-legal essence of an individual’s political rights and freedoms was originally composed of spiritual, religious, philosophical, legal, moral and ethical values.