Geoecological assessment of territories by the influence of metal mining and biotechnology in Bashkortostan

The main geoecological problems arising from the mining of metals in the Republic of Bashkortostan are considered, the existing promising biotechnologies to prevent and reduce the negative impact of metallurgy on the environment are analyzed. To reduce the concentration of Pb and Cd in the soil, it is proposed to use the hyperaccumulating perennial plant Paspalum conjugatum. Plants Cistus ladanifer and Lavandula pedunculata are effective and resilient in the rehabilitation of land containing sulphide-rich mine waste.