Geomorphological characteristics, monitoring and ways of optimization of erosion processes in a small bend of the don river

The article analyzes the main geomorphological characteristics of Small meanders of the Don, namely: heterogeneity of geomorphological structure, two-level Don Ridge, consisting of upper plateau, the most striking parts of which are “Crowns” and the lower plateau, which in turn splits into 2-3 structural - denudation terrace. The ravines and gullies of the lower plateau have in their upper parts the traces of erosion processes, and in the lower parts are mainly residue accumulation, resulting in the mouth they have an appreciable asymmetry of slopes and a flat bottom. The formation of ravines contributes to low-strength rocks composing the surface, and as summer thunderstorms and spring snowmelt, forming the turbulent flow, small number of forests. Modern wide Don Valley is 15-20 km wide and terraced, it reflects the change of epochs of increased erosion and the prevalence of accumulation. There are three river terraces. In addition, the article analyses the possibilities and recommendations for monitoring and optimization of erosion processes. These activities primarily include: systematic observation of the appearance of the first erosion zones and their immediate elimination; planning regulation of the flow of melt, rain and storm water and the implementation of these plans, measures to regulate the intensity of wind from different directions. It was found that the primary method of monitoring erosion processes - bookmark on typical parts erosion of the process network of ground reference points. According to the results of the conducted research was compiled scheme growing ravines in this area. The results can be used for optimization of the processes of nature in a Small bend of the Don river.