Hyperhomocysteinemia and diabetic nephropathy: the influence of genetic factors, clinical and pathogenic interrelations with inflammation and anemia

The article is focused on the pathogenic factors and clinical significance of hyperhomocysteinemia in patients with diabetic nephropathy. We summarize the data on the role of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphism in the development and progression of diabetic kidney disease. The interrelationships between hyperhomocysteinemia, proinflammatory cytokines and anemia are analyzed. The directions of further clinical studies are proposed.