Global challenges of the time and scenarios of the future world order (based on the materials of the XXI International Likhachev Scientific Readings)

The article analyzes the problem- thematic field of the XXI International Likhachev Scientific Readings «Global Peace: Systemic Shifts, Challenges and Outlines of the Future». The architectonics of the problem field was determined by several directions within which the main topics of reports and messages were concentrated: actual problems of the development of civilization and scenarios of a “response” to the global challenges of the time; tendencies and mechanisms of the world’s transition to a multipolar system of international relations; factors of globalization of radicalism and extremism, reasons for the expansion of the geography and social base of violence; the «new ethics» of the West as an alternative to the traditional values of humanity; law and morality in the context of global transformations of culture. The semantic dominant of the discussions was the analysis of geopolitical realities that determine the key trends and problems of world development, the contours and scenarios of the future. The participants of the Readings discussed the factors of the transformation of European culture into the postmodern phase, actively rejecting the humanistic values of Christianity and the Enlightenment; analyzed the reasons for the acute geopolitical confrontation between Russia and the collective West; characterized the differences in the cultural matrices of Russia and the West as a source of intercivilizational tension, new threats and Russia’s place in a changing world.