The state policy of the population formation in Tyumen region in the 1960s-1980s

The study reviews the formation of the Tyumen region population in the 1960s-1980s during the intensive development and arrangement of oil and gas fields. The lack of necessary manpower in the northern regions of Western Siberia brought up a problem with the population formation in the largest oil and gas province. This prospect of social policy had radically influenced the demographic processes in the region during the period under study. Migration became the main source of the population formation. The paper briefly presents the historiography of a comprehensive study on the gas and oil producing region at different stages of its development. The research identifies the major trends in the population formation processes in the areas of new industrial development at the stage of intensive development of oil and gas resources; examines the factors influencing the population growth, its demographic composition and educational attainment. The author concluded that industrial development of oil and gas producing areas in Western Siberia led to the qualitative changes in the population structure. The severe environment of northern regions and the specific nature of the production had an impact on the sex-age structure of the population. The predominance of the young and male population was the distinctive feature in the period under review. The Tyumen North development resulted in the increase in educational attainment. Thus, in the mid-1980s, there was the same number of educated people in this area as in the USSR as a whole.