Civil society as a factor of political modernization: problems and challenges

The article discusses the questions related to the expansion of socio-political bases of modernization in Russia today. The factor, which takes administrative and technological upgrading in the complex type, with an emphasis on political modernization, acts of civil society, which is the guarantor and the resource system modernization in the country. Particular attention is paid to the relationship between power and opposition. It is emphasized that if the political regime will not be able to build adequate communication with the public, with the active forces of civil society, the opposition, taking the form of marginal, may lead to a non-system of decision-making and encourage the spontaneous, uncontrolled developments.