Characterization of changes in cellular renewal and apoptosis of gingival epithelium in patients with chronic generalized periodontitis in the postmenopausal period

Objective: determination of the nature of violation processes of proliferation and apoptosis in gum epithelium women have in the postmenopausal period with different degree of bone mineralization for early diagnostics and optimization of complex therapy. Material and methods. There has been examination of 80 women aged 55-60 у о. with chronic generalized periodontitis (CGP) and decreased bone mineral density (BMD). All patients got standard dental examination, including index evaluation of periodontal tissues. Quantitative evaluation of BMD was held with use of densitometric analysis of state of bone tissue. Studying the indicators of cell renewal was held with help of immunohistochemical examination. Results. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that patients with CGP and BMD violations had a reduce of proliferation of gum epithelial cells with their apoptosis activation apoptosis(lapt=0.73±0.03%, Iki-67=11.77±0.27%) compared with patients with intact periodontium (lapt 0.29±0.04%, lki-67=9.88±0.09%) at p=0.04. Conclusion. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that patients in the postmenopausal period have CGP with increasing activity of gum epithelial cells apoptosis amid falling their cell proliferation indicators. The patients' inflammatory and destructive processes activity in periodontal tissues is higher amid osteopenia comparing with patients without violation of BMD.