Chemical composition of soil and plants when using vermicompost for potatoes on meadow-chernozem soil of the Omsk region

Field experiments were conducted in 2020-2021 in the experimental field of the Omsk State Agrarian University on meadow-chernozem low-power low-humus heavy loamy soil with a zoned variety of potato Khozyayushka. The effect of increasing doses of vermicompost on the chemical composition of soil and plants was studied. Studies have established a high effect of vermicompost on the content of mobile N-NO3, P2O5 and K2O in the soil. When applying vermicompost, the supply of potato plants with nitrate nitrogen increased. Increasing the doses of vermicompost from 2 t/ha to 10 t/ha naturally increased the content of nitrate nitrogen in the soil from very low in the control variant to very high when applying vermicompost at a dose of 10 t/ha. Potato yields, depending on the options for applying vermicompost, ranged from 27.2 to 34.9 t/ha. Reliable tuber yield increases were obtained in all variants of vermicompost application and amounted to 2.2-9.7 t/ha with a yield of 25.0 t/ha in the control variant. The most effective was the introduction of 8 tons/ha of vermicompost. The yield in this variant was 34.7 t/ha, the increase was 9.7 t/ha. The maximum concentration of gross elements in both tubers and tops was noted in the variant of applying the maximum dose of vermicompost 10 t/ha. To form 1 ton of tubers with an appropriate amount of by-products, nitrogen 4.8-5.4 kg/t, phosphorus 1.8-2.0 kg/t and 9.4-10.5 kg/t and potassium are required.