Historian S.K. Bushuev: “... I can consider myself a Caucasian captive for 20 years” (development of historical science in the Republic of Adygea)

Introduction. An analysis of scientific publications in many areas of Russian historical science allows us to conclude that there are still many unknown pages from the history of the state, not only unexplored, but also not claimed. They all the more attract interest, become widely known with an assessment of their significance for the Russian multinational community, for the development of historical science itself. The author offers a story about a historian, a truly Russian man, whose work was little promoted among the public, as well as the study of creativity by scientists. The doctor of historical sciences, professor at Moscow State University, belongs to this galaxy. M.V. Lomonosova, diplomat Semyon Kuzmich Bushuev The purpose of the article is to resurrect his name, to present one of the pages of his activity in the 1930s-1950s, to show active participation in the formation of historical science in young state autonomous entities, which was also the Autonomous Adygea Republic. Methods. A study is presented in which the author made wide use of such a method as a historical-systemic method, which made it possible to analyze first of all the structure and functions of the system of formation of Soviet historical science, to identify its higher structures that were responsible for managing these areas in the life of the state, to show the country's higher educational institutions, who played a leading role in the organization of historical science itself, to reveal the internal relationships between them, including public authorities, to identify also the reasons influencing the further development of science. The prosopographic method, which allows to reveal the possibilities of showing the role of the personality in history, the formation of this personality, its contribution to the implementation of the tasks put forward by the country's leadership in all areas of knowledge, including the ideology carried out within the framework of a particular state, its refraction in the components of this state. Directly on the example of the person to restore the series of events that took place on the ground and worthy of their coverage. The historical diachronic method allowed creating a periodization of this process and showing the activities of scientists in the changing situation in the country, in particular in the education system, and the formation of its base. Moreover, the method allows you to take into account changes with the qualitative and quantitative dynamics of its factors. The historical-typological method, which allows assessing events and phenomena, the role of the individual in the implementation of measures to improve the situation in different areas of the development of the state, to show the process of incrementing the spiritual heritage, in the creation of which the heroes of those times took. The method of balanced presentation of the material was also used to take into account all the features of the existence of the first national state education in the country, to create the scientific potential of national groups of historians, designed to contribute to the education of self-awareness and national consciousness of citizens. Results. The example of the activities of scientists from both scientific union centers and local centers shows how the process of science formation and the growth of spiritual potential within the framework of the emerging national-state formations proceeded. All this opens up the possibility of extrapolating the study of the direction on a wider scale and in relation to large territories of the regions. The rich historical material revealed in the archives of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the National Archives of the Republic of Adygea, reveals the content of the relationship between scientific centers, groups of scientists in order to form a scientific base of research in the republic, increase research work, improve the training system for the scientific staff of the humanitarian front necessary for the republic, and solve tasks in this direction. Numerous quantitative characteristics are given, scientists who worked during this period in the restoration of historical science, the formation of scientific centers in the republic are identified, the forms of their activity are shown. Findings . The personality of S.K. Bushuev, a learned historian, deserves close attention even because he was among the first to initiate an in-depth study of the history of the peoples of the state in the period under review. In fact, he created a solid scientific basis for moving into reality the idea of the director of the Institute Lukin about the need to study the history of peoples and the formation in this direction of an independent direction in Soviet historical science.