Identification of loci controlling the grain quality of spring bread wheat varieties of the nursery KASIB

The assessment of the international nursery KASIB-20 was carried out at 4 centers - in the Republic of Kazakhstan: Pavlodar region (Pavlodar Research Institute of Agriculture); in Russia: Omsk (Omsk State Agrarian University), Kurgan (agricultural holding “Kurgansemenaˮ), Saratov (Agrarian Scientific Center of the South-East region) in 2019-2020. Grain quality indicators of 55 varieties and lines of spring bread wheat, which developed in 18 scientific and breeding institutions of Russia and Kazakhstan (Kazakh-Siberian nursery of spring bread wheat - KASIB-20) were analyzed. The genotyping of varieties of the KASIB program was carried out with the use of 30 KASP-markers at the LGC Genomics (UK) in 2020. At different centers the variability of gluten content in grain was 5.9-15.3%; GDI - 5.72-13.9%. The most stable indicators of grain quality are: grain unit - 1.45-3.73% and protein content - 6.55-8.01%. The varieties with the wheat-rye translocation 1BL.1RS in the genotype had a high gluten content (31.4-33.1%), but the second group of gluten quality (GDI is equal to 78-82): GVK 2140/6 (East Kazakhstan Research Institute of Agriculture), L70/06-4 (Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center), KS111/09-2 (Kurgansemena). Combinations of favorable alleles had varieties of the KASIB program: Stepnodar (Karabalyk Agricultural Research Institute), Lutescens 1991 (Karaganda Agricultural Research Institute), Leader 80, Lutescens 1143 (Altai Agricultural Research Institute), Silantiy (Omsk State Agricultural University), Orenburgskaya 23 (Orenburg Agricultural Research Institute), which are recommended for production of bread and bakery products, as well as genetic sources for the development of high quality wheat varieties.